金融

Present Value Calculator

Calculate the current worth of a future sum of money or stream of cash flows given a specified rate of return.

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Also called the required rate of return or opportunity cost

yrs
Present Value (Today's Worth)
$—
Future Value
$—
Discount Amount
$—
Discount Rate
—%
Discount Factor
—
Value Over Time (Future → Present)
Today
$—
Mid
$—
Future
$—
使用方法
  1. Choose Single Amount (one future lump sum) or Annuity (series of regular payments).
  2. Enter the future value or payment amount.
  3. Set the discount rate — this is your required rate of return or the opportunity cost of your money.
  4. Enter the time period in years.
  5. The result is the present value: what that future money is worth in today's dollars.

公式

PV (single) = FV / (1 + r)ⁿ
PV (annuity) = PMT × [1 − (1+r)⁻ⁿ] / r
Discount Factor = 1 / (1 + r)ⁿ
FV = Future value
r = Periodic discount rate
n = Number of periods
PMT = Periodic payment

Present Value (PV) is a cornerstone of finance — it tells you what a future sum of money is worth today, accounting for the time value of money. A dollar today is worth more than a dollar tomorrow because today's dollar can be invested to earn returns. PV is used in bond pricing, investment analysis, pension valuation, and business decision making. Learn more at Investopedia: Present Value.